All about mammograms

Early detection saves lives.
Mammography is your best defense against breast cancer because it can often detect the disease before it can be felt during a breast examination. Research has clearly shown that mammography can increase breast cancer survival.

What is a mammogram?
A mammogram is a simple x-ray of the breast that will show tumors too small to feel with your hand. This is the stage when breast cancer is most curable.
For the test you'll have to undress from the waist up. A technician (usually a woman) positions the breast for the x-ray machine. Each breast is compressed for a few seconds to take the x-ray. Compressing the breast flattens and spreads out the breast tissue, so the image of the tissue is clearer. You may feel some discomfort or slight pain from this pressure, but it will only last for a few seconds while the X-ray is being taken.

When should you get one?
The American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends that in most cases, women should have an annual mammogram starting at 40.

Women older than 65 should continue receiving mammograms as long as they’re in good health and would be able to receive treatment if breast cancer occurred.

How to prepare for the exam:

• Inform your doctor or the technician performing the test if you are pregnant or think that you may be.
  
• No dietary changes are necessary. Take your medicines as usual.
  
• Do not wear body powder, cream, deodorant or lotion on your chest the day of the test. These substances may interfere with the X-rays.
  
• You will be asked to remove all clothing above the waist and you will be given a hospital gown to wear. You may want to wear a two-piece outfit the day of the test.
  
• You will be asked to remove all jewelry.

Special situations.
You may need to have mammograms earlier or more often. For example:

• Most doctors advise yearly mammograms well before age 40 if you have a close relative with breast cancer.
• You should have more frequent exams if you've had breast cancer already.

Talk to your doctor.
Women should use every tool available to detect breast cancer as early as possible, when it's most likely to be curable. Routine tests can make a big difference, even for people who aren't at high risk of cancer.
Talk to your doctor about the benefits, limitations, and potential harms associated with regular screening.